月柿提取物体外抗氧化活性研究

目的以月柿提取物为原料,研究其对2,2-联苯基-1-苦基肼基(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基的清除能力,并测定其多酚类物质没食子酸的含量。方法检测波长为518 nm,反应时间为40 min条件下,以IC_(50)值(清除率为50%时,抗氧化剂的浓度值)作为抗氧化能力评价指标,并采用高效液相色谱法测定其没食子酸含量。结果月柿提取物对于DPPH自由基有良好的清除作用,其IC50值为0.1868 mg/mL,与常用抗氧化剂作用相当,且月柿提取物中没食子酸含量为1.65 g/kg。结论月柿提取物具有很强抗氧化活性,作为化妆品及功能性食品原料有广阔的开发前景。     

A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量HPLC检测方法的验证及应用

目的验证A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量的检测方法。方法采用色谱柱XBridge Amide(4. 6 mm×150 cm,3. 5μm),流动相为乙腈、水、三乙胺(75∶25∶0. 1)的混合液,流速为1 mL/min,柱温为40℃,示差检测器温度为40℃,进样量为50μL。同时验证该方法的系统适用性、特异性、线性范围、精密度、稳定性、准确度及定量限。采用该方法对3个厂家生产的30批A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量进行检测。结果乳糖对照品色谱峰的理论塔板数为8 123,与其他色谱峰的分离度> 1. 5;乳糖对照品及供试品溶液图谱于相应保留时间处可见乳糖峰,阴性对照溶液未见该色谱峰;乳糖浓度在0. 050 03~0. 650 4 mg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,回归方程为Y=3. 484 3×10^5X-7. 378 4×10^2,R^2=0. 999 97。批号为Y201409089-1、Y201501002和201410050的3批供试品溶液分别测定6次结果的RSD分别为0. 71%、1. 01%和1. 69%;分别于12个时间点测定结果的RSD分别为0. 25%、0. 38%和0. 58%;乳糖回收率分别为101. 67%、101. 93%、99. 43%,RSD分别为1. 37%、1. 20%、1. 37%。乳糖定量限为0. 4μg。30批A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖含量为8. 29~11. 05 mg/mL。结论该方法具有良好的精密度、稳定性及准确度,可作为A群C群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗中乳糖的检测方法。     

登革病毒反向遗传学技术的研究进展

登革病毒(dengue virus,DENV)是流行于世界范围内的重要虫媒病毒之一,近年来其传播范围的不断扩大给疾病防控带来了极大困难。反向遗传学技术作为一种重要手段,广泛应用于RNA病毒的相关研究,自1991年第1次成功构建DENV感染性克隆以来,明显加速了DENV相关领域的研究。本文总结了DENV反向遗传学技术的构建策略及技术突破,为DENV致病机制研究及疫苗研发提供新思路。     

高效液相色谱法测定Fapas能力验证样品中咖啡因含量的不确定度评定

目的评定高效液相色谱法测定Fapas能力验证项目中咖啡因含量的不确定度。方法依据国家计量技术规范JJF1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》对研磨咖啡粉(Sample A)和去咖啡因研磨咖啡粉(Sample B)2个样品中咖啡因含量测定的不确定度来源进行分析。通过建立数学模型量化不确定度分量,计算合成不确定度和扩展不确定度,并与Fapas能力验证结果进行对比。结果 Sample A结果报告为(13.36±0.21) g/kg,k=2; Sample B结果报告为(265.0±5.1) mg/kg,k=2,且Fapas能力验证结果为满意; 2个样品咖啡因含量测量不确定度均主要来源于标准曲线配制过程、样品重复性和标准曲线拟合3部分。结论该研究可为评价咖啡因含量测定结果的质量和控制实验室内部质量提供参考;同时不确定度评定和能力验证结果表明实验室在不同的浓度水平上均有能力开展相关检测并能保证数据可靠。     

喷雾型防晒化妆品的国际法规动态和技术监管讨论

分析了我国喷雾型防晒化妆品的发展趋势,综述了欧盟、美国、澳大利亚、韩国等国家和地区的监管动态和法规要求,对此类产品的原料使用和生产工艺、理化检验、毒理学试验、防晒功效测试、产品安全评估、使用方法和标签管理等相关技术要点进行了分析和讨论,并提出了监管建议,对喷雾型防晒化妆品在监管科学下的精细化管理进行了总结和展望。     

Research on the relationship between cephalosporin structure,solution clarity,and rubber closure compatibility using volatile components profile of butyl rubber closures

Objective: Establish an effective experimental strategy to determine the compatibility of rubber closures for drugs.

Significance: Various types of rubber closures with different compositions are available for drug packaging. Many additives of rubber closures can be released from rubber closures and may affect the quality of drugs and pose a risk to human health. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between cephalosporin structure, solution clarity, and rubber closure compatibility using volatile components profile of butyl rubber closures.

Methods: Two opposite polarity gas chromatography (GC) systems and GC-mass spectrometry (MS) were used to achieve rapid qualitative determination of the main volatile components in rubber closures. Simulated adsorption experiment was performed to investigate the adsorption of main volatile components in rubber closures by cephalosporins with different side chain structures, and to determine the effects of adsorption on solution clarity.

Results: A volatile components screening library of rubber closures was established and the structures of some volatile component were confirmed. The specific adsorption of the structure of cephalosporins on volatile components from rubber closures was studied.

Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, rubber closures with good compatibility for cephalosporins with different side chain structures can be selected rapidly. This experimental strategy not only facilitates the screening of suitable rubber closures more effectively, but also enables the quick determination of volatile components adsorbed by drugs.     

Aqueous extracts of Vaccinium corymbosum as inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus has been established has one of the most common pathogens causing nosocomial infections worldwide and also playing a role in for several outbreaks related to the consumption of contaminated foodstuffs. More recently, the discovery of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in raw and processed foods increased the risk factor associated with S. aureus associated foodborne diseases and has led to the search for new sources of antimicrobial agents. Therefore the aim of this study is to evaluate, for the first time, the impact of Vaccinium corymbosum L., fruit and leaf, infusions and decoctions upon methicillin resistant (MRSA) and sensitive S. aureus (MSSA). In order to accomplish these objectives V. corymbosum extracts were characterized and inhibition halos, inhibitory concentrations, impact upon enzymatic activity and biofilm formation were assessed. The results obtained showed that major compounds present in V. corymbosum constitution were quercetin-3-glucoside, chlorogenic and cafeic acids. MRSA and MSSA growth was inhibited at 12.5 mg/mL, for leaf, and 50 mg/mL, for fruit, and sub-MIC concentrations presented inhibition percentages as high as 3 log of viable cells and 47% of biomass. Furthermore DNase and coagulase were also inhibited at sub-MIC concentrations of the extracts. The results obtained imply an effective antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of these extracts towards MRSA and MSSA, thus revealing an interest potential for application in the food industry either as a functional ingredient or a preservative.     

药品检验机构政府采购管理现状SWOT浅析

目的:探索药品检验机构政府采购管理体系优化策略,提高政府采购管理质量。方法:通过态势(SWOT)分析法对现阶段药品检验机构政府采购管理体系进行内部环境的优势和劣势以及外部环境的机遇和挑战分析,通过比对,寻找优化策略。结果与结论:药品检验机构政府采购管理一方面要立足优势,抓住机遇,紧跟国家政策要求完善内部制度,加强队伍建设;另一方面要改进劣势,防控风险,加强信息化建设,强化采购计划管理与信息公开,这对做好药品检验领域政府采购管理具有重要的现实意义。     

The synthesis,electrochemical and theoretical nonlinear optical properties of push–pull chromophores for photorefractive composites

Four chromophores, of different dipole moment and polarizable anisotropy and which comprised conjugation bridges of both benzene and polyene with strong electron-donor and electron-acceptor groups, were characterized using ¹H NMR, FT-IR, UV–vis, and electrochemical analyses. The electric dipole moment (μ), polarizability (α) and the first hyperpolarizability (β) values of the chromophores were examined using computational methods. The contribution of orientational birefringence to total birefringence was estimated from the calculated molecular parameters of the chromophores; these parameters are important factors for predicting photorefractive efficiency.